Definition:
An adjective is a word whose main role is to modify a noun or pronoun, giving more information about the noun or pronoun's definition.
Japanese adjetives are a bit different than other languages. As English language, Japanese adjetives are placed before a noun (Never after noun). In japanese Language there are not number neither gender for adjetives and nouns.
Adjetival Verbs (i-adjetives) | Adjectival Nouns (na-adjetives) | Attributives |
i-adjectives all end in "i" (い) | These attach to a form of the copula, which then inflects | These may only occur before nouns |
Adjetives as Predicates -> "i"-Adjetives:
Past | Past Negative | Present Negative |
Replace i with Ku nai | Replace i with katta | Replace i with Ku nakatta |
Adjetives as Predicates -> "na"-Adjetives: This adjetives cannot be used as predicates themselves, that is the reason why the final "na" (な) is deleted and followed by "da" (だ).
Modifying Nouns:
"i-adjetives" | "na-adjetives" |
Take the basic form |
Examples:
Small dog
小さい犬
Chīsai inu
Expensive camera
高価なカメラ
Kōkana kamera
Famous singer
有名な歌手
Yūmeina kashu
This is a complete list of Japanese Adjetives:
English | Kanji | Hiragana/ Katakana | Romaji |
Bad | 悪い | わるい | Warui |
Beautiful | 美しい | うつくしい | Utsukushii |
Cheap | 格安 | かくやす | Kakuyasu |
Clean | 清潔度 | きよし | Kiyoshi |
Cold | コールド | Kōrudo | |
Different | 異なる | ことなる | Kotonaru |
Difficult | 困難 | こん'なん | Kon'nan |
Early | 初期 | しょき | Shoki |
Easy | 簡単 | かんたん | Kantan |
Friendly | フレンドリー | Furendorī | |
Good | 良い | よい | Yoi |
Heavy | 重い | おもい | Omoi |
Important | 重要 | じゅうよお | Jūyō |
Married | 既婚 | きこん | Kikon |
Natural | 自然 | しぜん | Shizen |
Nice | ニース | Nīsu | |
Open | オープン | Ōpun | |
Polite | 礼儀正しい | れいぎ ただしい | Reigi tadashii |
Poor | プア | Pua | |
Rich | リッチ | Ritchi | |
Sad | 悲しい | かなしい | Kanashii |
Simple | シンプル | Shinpuru | |
Slow | 遅い | おそい | Osoi |
Small | 小 | Shō | |
Sweet | スウィート | Suu~īto | |
Tall | 背の高い | せ の たかい | Se no takai |
Warm | 暖かい | あたたかい | Atatakai |
Well | も | Mo | |
Worse | さらに悪いことに | Sarani warui koto ni | |
Worst | 最悪 | さいあく | Saiaku |
Wrong | 間違って | まちがTて | Machigatte |