Easy Guide To Using Conjunctions In Japanese

Author
Written byIchika Yamamoto

Definition: Conjunctions are words of relation, joining sentences together. Like Prepositions, Conjunctions are unmeaning when they stand alone. They connect different phrases, clauses, sentences or affirmations, so as to show the mutual bearing of the sentences conjoined.

There are some conjunctions that can not be used to connect two equal clauses in Japanese language; however, there is a large list of conjunction in Japanese. Most conjunctions are simply particles or postpositions. Generally, conjunctions come at the end of the dependent cluse or clauses in order to control it.

The Japanese grammar distinguishes coordinative and subordinative conjuctions so one must arrange the Japanese conjuctions as follows:

Copulative Conjunctions
English Kanji Katakana/Hiragana Romaji
also   mo
or また mata
and 勝つ かつ katsu
and then 及び および oyobi
then   カネテ kanete
Disyunctive Conjunctions
English Kanji Katakana/Hiragana Romaji
.....or, ....or   ....か,...か ....Ka,...Ka
....and, ...and ....矢,...矢 ....や,...や ....Ya,....Ya
Adversative Conjunctions
English Kanji Katakana/Hiragana Romaji
but   もっとも Mottomo
despite   さん 乍 San nagara
however   しかし Shikashi
but   ながら Nagara
Conclusive Conjunctions
English Kanji Katakana/Hiragana Romaji
thus   このように Kono yō ni
then   それから Sorekara
so   それで Sorede
and then   そして Soshite
therefore   それでわ Sorede wa

Examples:

  • Mary likes to write songs and to play the violin.

  • メアリーは、曲をかつ書いてバイオリンを弾くのが好き.

  • Mearī wa,-kyoku o katsu kaite baiorin o hiku no ga suki.

  • She will take the Math class or the Chinese language class.

  • 彼女は数学のクラス 又中国語のクラスを取るでしょう

  • Kanojo wa sūgaku no kurasu mata Chūgoku-go no kurasu o torudeshou.

  • She likes to sing so she would be a rock star.

  • 彼女はロックスターになるそれでに歌うのが好き.

  • Kanojo wa rokkusutā ni naru sorede ni utau no ga suki.

  • Your mother cooks then she watches television.

  • あなたのお母さんの料理は、それから、彼女はテレビを見ています.

  • Anata no okāsan no ryōri wa, sore kara, kanojo wa terebi o mite imasu.

  • She didn't bring a gift but she came to party.

  • 彼女は贈り物を持ってこなかったながら、彼女はパーティーに来た.

  • Kanojo wa okurimono o motte konakattanagara, kanojo wa pātī ni kita.

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Author: Ichika Yamamoto
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